ORIGINAL PAPER
Cross-border exchange of electricity between Poland and the neighboring countries
1
Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
Submission date: 2019-10-03
Final revision date: 2019-11-05
Acceptance date: 2019-11-25
Publication date: 2019-12-20
Corresponding author
Aleksandra Komorowska
Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Wybickiego 7A, 31-261, Kraków, Poland
Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Wybickiego 7A, 31-261, Kraków, Poland
Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2019;22(4):37-52
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Ensuring the security of power generation systems is a pillar of the proper functioning of each state. Energy security is fundamental to ensure both economic growth and social welfare. As energy storage has not developed in an efficient extent, covering the current and prospective power demand is a major challenge for transmission system operators. Moreover, the activities that are to be taken should be technically and economically justified and need to meet the requirements of environmental protection. Cooperation between neighboring countries in the field of electricity exchange is among the activities undertaken to ensure the safety of the power generation systems. The integration of electricity markets is one of the key challenges of the European Union’s energy policy. The European Commission issued a directive on interconnection, according to which the capacity of interconnections should total 10% of installed capacity until 2020 (and 15% until 2030) in each Member State.
The main objective of this study is to assess the changes in electricity imports and exports in 2003–2018 and to investigate the current level of cross-border exchanges between Poland and the neighboring countries. This paper also answers the question of whether Poland will fulfil the obligations set by the European Commission. In addition, the paper presents the risks and the challenges related to fulfilling the mentioned commitments. The results of the study indicate that the development and modernization of network infrastructure in the field of cross-border exchange are necessary because, in the context of the forecasted increase in electricity demand, Polish generation units will not be able to meet the demand.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Wymiana międzysystemowa energii elektrycznej pomiędzy Polską a krajami sąsiadującymi
połączenia transgraniczne, wymiana międzysystemowa, import energii elektrycznej, eksport energii elektrycznej
Zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa pracy systemów elektroenergetycznych jest filarem prawidłowego funkcjonowania każdego państwa. Ponieważ obecny rozwój technologii magazynowania energii nie zapewnia jej efektywnego przechowywania, pokrycie bieżącego i perspektywicznego zapotrzebowania odbiorców na energię elektryczną stanowi duże wyzwanie dla operatorów systemów przesyłowych. Zwłaszcza, że podejmowane działania powinny być technicznie i ekonomicznie uzasadnione oraz muszą spełniać wymagania dotyczące ochrony środowiska. Współpraca pomiędzy krajami sąsiadującymi w obszarze wymiany energii elektrycznej należy do działań podejmowanych w celu zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa dostaw energii elektrycznej, a integracja rynków energii elektrycznej jest jednym z kluczowych wyzwań polityki energetycznej Unii Europejskiej. W 2015 roku Komisja Europejska wydała dyrektywę dotyczącą połączeń transgranicznych, zgodnie z którą wolumen mocy tych połączeń powinien osiągnąć 10% mocy zainstalowanej do 2020 roku (i 15% do 2030 roku) w każdym państwie członkowskim.
Głównym celem artykułu jest ocena zmian wolumenu importowanej i eksportowanej energii w latach 2003–2018 oraz oszacowanie obecnego poziomu wymiany transgranicznej między Polską a krajami sąsiadującymi. Wyniki zaprezentowane w niniejszym artykule, odpowiadają również na pytanie, czy Polska jest w stanie wypełnić zobowiązania określone przez Komisję Europejską. Ponadto, w artykule zaprezentowane zostały ryzyka oraz wyzwania związane z realizacją wymienionych zobowiązań. Wyniki wskazują, że rozwój oraz modernizacja infrastruktury sieciowej w zakresie wymiany transgranicznej są konieczne, ponieważ w kontekście prognozowanego wzrostu zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną polskie jednostki wytwórcze nie będą w stanie pokryć go samodzielnie.
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