ORIGINAL PAPER
Innovative methods of drying rapeseeds using microwave energy
1
Educational and Scientific Institute of Continuing Education and Tourism, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine
2
Department of Processes, Equipment and Energy Management, Оdesa National University of Technology, Ukraine
3
Engineering and Technology Faculty, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Ukraine
4
Faculty of Trade, Marketing and Service, Vinnytsia Trade and Economics Institute of the State Trade and Economics University, Ukraine
Submission date: 2023-02-26
Final revision date: 2023-04-15
Acceptance date: 2023-04-17
Publication date: 2023-06-19
Corresponding author
Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2023;26(2):217-230
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Rape is an important oil crop with a wide range of uses. Harvested rapeseed must be cleaned and dried before processing. The process of drying rapeseed as a small-seeded crop has its own specifics. One of the new drying methods is the use of microwave radiation, the disadvantage of which is uneven heating of the product. The purpose of this work was to study the modes of drying rapeseed by electromagnetic radiation in the ultra-high frequency range in combination with filtration. The indicators of the intensity of oilseed drying by infrared irradiation on the experimental stand were determined. The analysis of the conducted studies showed that the temperature of seeds at the maximum microwave power rises in general 1.5 to 1.8 times faster than at half the power. The higher the seed moisture content is, the higher the rate of temperature increase. After each blowing cycle, which lasted for five seconds, the temperature of the rapeseeds was set higher than the previous temperature, and after increasing the blowing time up to fifteen seconds, the temperature decreased by 8–12°C and cyclically stabilized. The applications of microwave drying represented in the paper are environmentally friendly, since the seeds do not come into direct contact with the products of gas combustion, which deteriorate its quality due to the possible penetration of carcinogenic components into the products. Experimental data was taken into account when developing the design of a small-sized grain dryer for farms, in which the drying process takes place without heating the air as a heat carrier.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Innowacyjne metody suszenia nasion rzepaku energią mikrofalową
rzepak, energia mikrofalowa, suszenie filtracyjne, temperatura
Rzepak jest ważną rośliną oleistą o szerokim zakresie zastosowań. Zebrany musi zostać oczyszczony i wysuszony przed przetworzeniem. Proces suszenia rzepaku, jako rośliny o małych nasionach, ma swoją specyfikę. Jedną z nowych metod suszenia jest wykorzystanie promieniowania mikrofalowego, którego wadą jest nierównomierne ogrzewanie produktu. Celem postawionym w niniejszej pracy było zbadanie sposobów suszenia nasion rzepaku za pomocą promieniowania elektromagnetycznego w zakresie ultrawysokich częstotliwości w połączeniu z filtracją.
Określono wskaźniki intensywności suszenia nasion oleistych za pomocą promieniowania podczerwonego na stanowisku doświadczalnym. Analiza przeprowadzonych doświadczeń wykazała, że temperatura nasion przy maksymalnej mocy mikrofalowej wzrasta ogólnie od 1,5 do 1,8 razy szybciej niż przy połowie mocy. Im wyższa wilgotność nasion, tym większe tempo wzrostu temperatury. Po każdym cyklu nadmuchu, który trwał pięć sekund, temperatura nasion rzepaku była wyższa niż poprzednia, a po zwiększeniu czasu przedmuchiwania do piętnastu sekund, temperatura spadała o 8–12°C i cyklicznie stabilizowała się. Przedstawione w artykule zastosowania suszenia mikrofalowego są przyjazne dla środowiska, ponieważ nasiona nie wchodzą w bezpośredni kontakt z produktami spalania gazu, które pogarszają ich jakość ze względu na możliwe przenikanie składników rakotwórczych do produktów. Dane eksperymentalne zostały wzięte pod uwagę przy opracowywaniu projektu małej suszarki do ziarna dla gospodarstw rolnych, w której proces suszenia odbywa się bez podgrzewania powietrza jako nośnika ciepła.
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