ORIGINAL PAPER
Assessment of the potential of Ukrainian agrobiomass for biogas production in the context of ensuring food and energy security
1
Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Ukraine
These authors had equal contribution to this work
Submission date: 2025-08-05
Final revision date: 2025-12-27
Acceptance date: 2026-01-13
Publication date: 2026-09-25
Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2026;29(3):81-102
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
In the context of global challenges, in particular the martial law in Ukraine and the turbulence in the global energy market, the issues of ensuring food and energy security are becoming paramount. This article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis and assessment of the potential for using Ukrainian agrobiomass for biogas production, which is considered a key direction for achieving sustainable development and strengthening national independence.
The conducted research demonstrates the significant untapped potential of Ukraine in biogas production from various agrobiomass, including crop residues, manure, and food industry waste. The realization of this potential promises significant economic benefits, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing the profitability of the agricultural sector, obtaining valuable organic fertilizers, as well as reducing critical dependence on energy imports. The national potential for biomethane production in Ukraine is estimated at over 8.4 billion m3 per year.
However, despite the clear benefits, the development of Ukraine’s biogas industry faces major obstacles. These include the high initial cost of biogas plants, which restricts their use in both large companies and households. Additionally, a lack of adequate state incentives and sufficient investment also hinders development. To overcome these barriers and fully realize the biogas potential, the article justifies the need to develop and implement a comprehensive state support program. These measures are vital to promoting energy autonomy, improving the environmental situation, stimulating economic growth, and effectively rebuilding Ukraine in the post-war period.
FUNDING
This publication was prepared under a scholarship from the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine for young scientists holding the degree of Doctor of Sciences.
Development of an organizational-economic model for the functioning of innovation-oriented clusters to stimulate the implementation of bioenergy technologies in Ukraine’s agricultural sector.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The Authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Ocena potencjału ukraińskiej agrobiomasy w zakresie produkcji biogazu w kontekście zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego i energetycznego
agrobiomasa, biogaz, biometan, bezpieczeństwo energetyczne, odpady
W kontekście globalnych wyzwań, w szczególności stanu wojennego w Ukrainie oraz zawirowań na światowym rynku energetycznym, kwestie zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego i energetycznego nabierają nadrzędnego znaczenia. Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest kompleksowej analizie i ocenie potencjału wykorzystania ukraińskiej agrobiomasy do produkcji biogazu, co uznaje się za kluczowy kierunek działań na rzecz osiągnięcia zrównoważonego rozwoju i wzmocnienia niezależności narodowej.
Przeprowadzone badania wskazują na znaczny, niewykorzystany potencjał Ukrainy w zakresie produkcji biogazu z różnych rodzajów agrobiomasy, w tym z resztek pożniwnych, obornika i odpadów przemysłu spożywczego. Wykorzystanie tego potencjału obiecuje znaczące korzyści gospodarcze, takie jak ograniczenie emisji gazów cieplarnianych, zwiększenie rentowności sektora rolnego, uzyskanie cennych nawozów organicznych, a także zmniejszenie krytycznej zależności od importu energii. Krajowy potencjał produkcji biometanu w Ukrainie szacuje się na ponad 8,4 mld m3 rocznie.
Jednak pomimo oczywistych korzyści rozwój ukraińskiego przemysłu biogazowego napotyka poważne przeszkody. Należą do nich wysokie koszty początkowe instalacji biogazowych, co ogranicza ich wykorzystanie zarówno w dużych przedsiębiorstwach, jak i w gospodarstwach domowych. Ponadto rozwój hamowany jest przez brak odpowiednich zachęt państwowych i wystarczających inwestycji. Aby pokonać te przeszkody i w pełni wykorzystać potencjał biogazu, w artykule uzasadniono potrzebę opracowania i wdrożenia kompleksowego programu wsparcia państwowego. Środki te mają kluczowe znaczenie dla promowania niezależności energetycznej, poprawy stanu środowiska, stymulowania wzrostu gospodarczego oraz skutecznej odbudowy Ukrainy w okresie powojennym.
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