The limitation of carbon dioxide emission is one of the most important problems connected with broadly understood environmental protection. The Kyoto Protocol obligates countries to decrease the emission of greenhouse gases of about 5% below the emission level in 1990 year, in period from 2008 to 2012. Sequestration (activities connected with limitation of CO2 emission) requires, first of all, CO2 capture and separation from the flue gas. Mineral carbonation is one of the possibilities of CO2 sequestration. Mineral carbonation consists in CO2 reaction with minerals (e.g. oliwine or serpentynite) or wastes (e.g. fly ashes). Carbon dioxide is stable bonded as a result of the mineral carbonation process. Carbon dioxide separation and capture methods, as well as types of mineral carbonation are presented in this article.