ORIGINAL PAPER
Food security and biofuel production: solving the dilemma on the example of Ukraine
1
Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Vunnytsia, Ukraine
Submission date: 2022-04-22
Final revision date: 2022-05-24
Acceptance date: 2022-05-28
Publication date: 2022-06-30
Corresponding author
Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2022;25(2):179-196
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
Energy policyRenewable energy sourcesEcological, economic, social and legal aspects in energy systems
ABSTRACT
Today, ensuring energy security is becoming increasingly important. It has been proven that agricultural crops are currently the dominant feedstock for the production of biofuels and first-generation biofuels dominate both in Ukraine and around the world and can potentially pose a threat to food security. The research aims to analyze the state of food security in Ukraine in order to estimate the economic basis for the use of surplus food crops for biofuel production for substantiating the required areas for growing energy crops in the volumes that could ensure balance between the food and energy use of crops. An analysis of food security of Ukraine showed that the agricultural sector provides the population with most of the necessary food products, but it is advisable to modernize the food supply standards. It has been proven that crops that can be used for the production of first-generation biofuels in Ukraine are produced in sufficient quantities to ensure food security, and they are exported without compromising the food security of the state and export potential.
As calculated, Ukraine can use about 11–12 million hectares of arable land for growing energy crops with their subsequent processing into biofuels. It has been proven that in the future in Ukraine, it is recommended to develop the production of biofuels (biogas and solid biofuels) from crop and livestock waste, as well as organic waste from processing enterprises. This would not pose a threat to food security and would address a number of environmental issues related to waste disposal. Today, under the condition of war in Ukraine, food security and energy independence are priority issues and energy diversity, including the production and consumption of biofuels, is a top factor for further development.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Bezpieczeństwo żywnościowe a produkcja biopaliw: rozwiązanie dylematu na przykładzie Ukrainy
odpady, bezpieczeństwo żywnościowe, bezpieczeństwo energetyczne, surowce, biopaliwa I i II generacji
Dziś coraz większego znaczenia nabiera zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa energetycznego. Udowodniono, że uprawy rolne są obecnie dominującym surowcem do produkcji biopaliw, a biopaliwa pierwszej generacji dominują zarówno w Ukrainie, jak i na świecie i mogą potencjalnie stanowić zagrożenie dla bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego.
Celem przeprowadzonych badań jest analiza stanu bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego w Ukrainie w celu oszacowania ekonomicznej podstawy wykorzystania nadwyżek roślin spożywczych do produkcji biopaliw, aby określić, ile terenów jest potrzebnych do uprawy roślin energetycznych w ilościach zapewniających równowagę pomiędzy żywnością a energią wykorzystania upraw.
Analiza bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego Ukrainy wykazała, że sektor rolny dostarcza ludności większość potrzebnych produktów żywnościowych, ale wskazana jest modernizacja standardów zaopatrzenia w żywność. Udowodniono, że rośliny uprawne, które mogą być wykorzystane do produkcji biopaliw pierwszej generacji w Ukrainie są produkowane w ilościach wystarczających do zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego i są eksportowane bez narażania bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego państwa i potencjału eksportowego. Zgodnie z obliczeniami, Ukraina może wykorzystać około 11–12 mln hektarów gruntów ornych pod uprawę roślin energetycznych, a następnie przetwarzać je na biopaliwa. Stwierdzono, że w przyszłości Ukraina może rozwinąć produkcję biopaliw (biogazu i biopaliw stałych) z odpadów roślinnych i zwierzęcych oraz odpadów organicznych z zakładów przetwórczych. Takie działania nie stanowiłyby zagrożenia dla bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego i rozwiązałoby szereg kwestii środowiskowych związanych z usuwaniem odpadów. Dziś, w warunkach wojny na Ukrainie, bezpieczeństwo żywnościowe i niezależność energetyczna to kwestie priorytetowe, a różnorodność energetyczna, w tym produkcja i konsumpcja biopaliw, jest głównym czynnikiem dalszego rozwoju.
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