ORIGINAL PAPER
An analysis of the economic and technological potential of solar-driven generation in renewable energy development
1
Izmail State University of Humanities, Izmail, Ukraine
2
National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Ukraine
3
Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Odesa, Ukraine
4
Odessa National Maritime University, Odesa, Ukraine
5
Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
6
Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
Submission date: 2024-01-19
Final revision date: 2024-02-12
Acceptance date: 2024-02-16
Publication date: 2024-03-28
Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2024;27(1):157-172
KEYWORDS
solar energysustainable developmenteconomic and technological model of solar generationsolar radiationsolar installation
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The development of solar generation is an integral part of evaluating renewable “green” energy in accordance with the concept of sustainable development. This study focuses on the specifics of the implementation of solar energy in the context of the USA, the EU and China, taken as an object in connection with the specifics of the geographical-territorial and climatic-natural situation. The originality of the research lies in the approach of modelling the implementation of solar power generation with consideration to the main economic, technological, and resource factors. This study aims to assess trends in the development and implementation of regional solar power generation. Solar energy development is performed exclusively at the expense of private investment and state support is minimal. Therefore, the power of installed solar power plants relative to the amount of invested investments shows a high correlation. From the perspective of economic activity, solar energy in the analyzed regions is used by households in small amounts. The highest use of solar energy by households is in the USA, where this indicator is 8.3%, and the lowest is in China (0.13%). The analysis indicates that currently, solar energy is not a priority for developing the energy sector but is only a supplement. Further solar energy development is possible owing to technological innovations that will increase the efficiency of solar radiation use. The analysis also revealed the conclusion that the most powerful use of solar energy appears in China, with a figure of 19.6%, while the US has only 4.04% and the EU has almost 9%. According to the criterion of economic and technological influence on solar energy development, China occupies a leading position (9.89%), whereas the EU has only 0.03%. Thus, solar energy is currently not an attractive area for business and needs to prioritize the development of the EU economy, which is confirmed by insignificant investment flows compared to China and the USA.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Analiza globalnego potencjału gospodarczego i technologicznego generacji fotowoltaicznej w rozwoju energetyki odnawialnej
energia słoneczna, zrównoważony rozwój, model ekonomiczno-technologiczny wytwarzania energii słonecznej, promieniowanie słoneczne, instalacja fotowoltaiczna
Rozwój energetyki słonecznej jest integralną częścią oceny odnawialnej „zielonej” energii w rozumieniu koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju. W opracowaniu skupiono się na specyfice wdrażania energetyki słonecznej na przykładzie USA, UE i Chin, ujętej przedmiotowo w powiązaniu ze specyfiką sytuacji geograficzno-terytorialnej i klimatyczno-przyrodniczej. Oryginalność badań polega na podejściu do modelowania realizacji energetyki słonecznej z uwzględnieniem głównych czynników ekonomicznych, technologicznych i zasobowych. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest ocena trendów w rozwoju i wdrażaniu regionalnej energetyki słonecznej, której rozwój odbywa się wyłącznie kosztem inwestycji prywatnych, a wsparcie państwa jest minimalne. Zatem moc zainstalowanych elektrowni słonecznych w stosunku do wielkości inwestycji wykazuje wysoką korelację. Z punktu widzenia działalności gospodarczej energia słoneczna w analizowanych regionach jest wykorzystywana przez gospodarstwa domowe w niewielkich ilościach. Największe wykorzystanie energii słonecznej przez gospodarstwa domowe występuje w USA, gdzie wskaźnik ten wynosi 8,3%, a najniższe w Chinach (0,13%). Z analizy wynika, że w chwili obecnej energetyka słoneczna nie jest priorytetem w rozwoju energetyki, a jedynie uzupełnieniem. Dalszy rozwój energetyki słonecznej możliwy jest dzięki innowacjom technologicznym, które zwiększą efektywność wykorzystania promieniowania słonecznego. W publikacji wykazano, że największe wykorzystanie energii słonecznej występuje w Chinach (19,6%), podczas gdy w USA tylko 4,04%, a w UE prawie 9%. Według kryterium wpływu ekonomiczno-technologicznego na rozwój energetyki słonecznej, Chiny zajmują czołową pozycję (9,89%), podczas gdy UE ma zaledwie 0,03%. Tym samym energetyka słoneczna nie jest obecnie atrakcyjnym obszarem dla biznesu i wymaga priorytetowego traktowania w gospodarce UE, co potwierdzają niewielkie napływy inwestycji w porównaniu do Chin i USA.
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