ORIGINAL PAPER
Development of an algorithm for power supply to a livestock farm using biogas
1
Engineering and Technology Faculty, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Ukraine
Submission date: 2025-06-22
Final revision date: 2025-07-20
Acceptance date: 2025-07-21
Publication date: 2025-12-19
Corresponding author
Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2025;28(4):61-86
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The article examines the enhancement of energy autonomy for livestock farms through the implementation of power supply systems based on renewable energy sources – specifically, biogas plants and solar generation. A comprehensive methodology is proposed for assessing the energy potential of agricultural organic waste, including manure, manure effluents, and feed residues. The assessment takes into account the chemical composition, moisture content, and total volume of raw materials, enabling accurate estimation of biogas output through anaerobic digestion. Analytical models are presented to calculate the potential electrical and thermal energy output per cubic meter of biogas, considering the efficiency and technical characteristics of the generator set. The farm’s energy consumption profile was developed, including a detailed daily load schedule, peak demand, and average daily usage.
Based on this analysis, the optimal capacity of the biogas plant and the required area of photovoltaic panels were calculated to ensure full coverage of the farm’s energy needs. Scenarios for seasonal generation adjustment are discussed, as well as the possibility of connecting to the external power grid in case of electricity surplus.
The scientific result of the study is the development of a scalable and adaptable algorithm for designing autonomous energy supply systems for livestock farms, based on balancing biogas production with electricity consumption.
The proposed solution enhances the energy resilience and sustainability of the agricultural sector.
FUNDING
This research was supported and funded by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine under grant No. 0125U000363
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The Authors have no conflicts of interest to declare
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Opracowanie algorytmu zasilania fermy hodowlanej przy użyciu biogazu
elektrownie kogeneracyjne, harmonogram obciążenia, generator, energia cieplna, efektywność energetyczna
W artykule rozważana jest kwestia zwiększenia autonomii energetycznej gospodarstw hodowlanych poprzez wdrożenie systemów zasilania opartych na odnawialnych źródłach energii, w szczególności biogazowniach i elektrowniach słonecznych. Zaproponowano kompleksowe podejście do oceny potencjału wytwarzania energii elektrycznej i ciepła, oparte na ilościowej analizie organicznych odpadów rolniczych, które mogą być przetwarzane na biogaz poprzez fermentację beztlenową. Pod uwagę brane są: całkowita objętość obornika, ścieków obornikowych, odpadów paszowych, a także skład chemiczny i wilgotność surowca. W artykule przedstawiono zależności analityczne, w szczególności równania do określania energii elektrycznej i cieplnej, jaką można uzyskać z jednego metra sześciennego biogazu, biorąc pod uwagę parametry technologiczne zespołu prądotwórczego. Ponadto w pracy przeanalizowano zapotrzebowanie energetyczne gospodarstwa, zbudowano dzienny harmonogram obciążeń, określono ilość zużywanej energii elektrycznej, jej wartości szczytowe i średnie dzienne zużycie. Na podstawie tych danych obliczono optymalną wydajność biogazowni i powierzchnię paneli słonecznych niezbędną do pełnego pokrycia potrzeb energetycznych. Rozważono warianty sezonowej regulacji wytwarzania, a także możliwość podłączenia do sieci zewnętrznej w przypadku nadwyżki produkcji energii elektrycznej. Proponowany system zasilania może być skalowany i dostosowywany do warunków konkretnego gospodarstwa, co czyni go uniwersalnym rozwiązaniem dla zwiększenia bezpieczeństwa energetycznego w sektorze rolnym.
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