ORIGINAL PAPER
Enhancing the coefficient of performance (COP) of mini refrigerators based on thermoelectric units (Peltier)
1
Mechanical Engineering Department, National Research Centre, Egypt
2
Electrical Engineering Department, Helwan university, Egypt
Submission date: 2023-10-04
Final revision date: 2024-03-12
Acceptance date: 2024-04-05
Publication date: 2024-09-24
Corresponding author
Amal Mahdy Elnaggar
Mechanical Engineering Department, National Research Centre, ElBoohos street, Giza, Egypt
Mechanical Engineering Department, National Research Centre, ElBoohos street, Giza, Egypt
Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2024;27(3):133-160
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Energy scarcity in the world and the pollutants resulting from excessive use of energy lead to an increase in global warming. There is a need to search for sustainable alternatives that use less energy to reduce environmental problems as well as alternatives to the use of Freon, which is harmful to the environment, one of the most dangerous pollutants, and increases the ozone hole.
The current research aims to investigate the performance of thermoelectric refrigerators with different operating conditions. A portable thermoelectric refrigerator was developed for those living in remote areas of Egypt off the electrical grid (e.g., deserts). The designed refrigerator is based on the Peltier effect using Peltier units. The refrigerator is designed, manufactured, and experimentally tested. Several variables were studied in fast cooling systems for different conditions to minimize time, decrease the cooling temperature, and increase the coefficient of performance (COP) by the response surface methodology (RSM) model.
The results reveal that the obtained maximum COP was 77.3%, at 4 V and 1.006 with a difference in cooling temperature (∆T) of 8°C. The highest ∆T was 26.4°C at 10 V, 9.149 A, 91.49 W and COP 11.2%. The optimum condition was cooling temperature 12.7°C, COP 51.4% at 4 V, 3.445 A by using 4 Peltier, according to Response surface methodology (RSM) includes optimization procedures for the settings of factorial variables by design expert 13, such that maximum ∆T was 20.3°C and maximum COP 49.576% with 4 volts, 4 no. of Peltier and current 3.601 A in the value range. The results reveal that the obtained determination coefficient for ∆T and the COP adjusted R2 and R3 values 0.9286 and 0.9603 respectively.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Poprawa współczynnika wydajności (COP) minilodówek opartych na jednostkach termoelektrycznych (Peltiera)
COP, efektywność energetyczna, zanieczyszczenie środowiska, magazynowanie ciepła, jednostka termoelektryczna
Niedobór energii na świecie i zanieczyszczenia wynikające z nadmiernego zużycia energii prowadzą do wzrostu globalnego ocieplenia. Istnieje potrzeba poszukiwania zrównoważonych alternatyw, które zużywają mniej energii w celu zmniejszenia problemów środowiskowych, a także alternatyw dla stosowania freonu, który jest szkodliwy dla środowiska, jednym z najniebezpieczniejszych zanieczyszczeń i zwiększa dziurę ozonową.
Obecne badania mają na celu zbadanie wydajności lodówek termoelektrycznych w różnych warunkach pracy. Przenośna lodówka termoelektryczna została opracowana dla osób mieszkających w odległych obszarach Egiptu poza siecią elektryczną (np. pustynie). Zaprojektowana lodówka opiera się na efekcie Peltiera z wykorzystaniem jednostek Peltiera. Lodówka została zaprojektowana, wyprodukowana i przetestowana eksperymentalnie. Zbadano kilka zmiennych w systemach szybkiego chłodzenia dla różnych warunków, aby zminimalizować czas, obniżyć temperaturę chłodzenia i zwiększyć współczynnik wydajności (COP) za pomocą metodologii powierzchni odpowiedzi (RSM).
Wyniki pokazują, że uzyskany maksymalny współczynnik COP wynosił 77,3% przy 4 V i 1,006 przy różnicy w temperaturze chłodzenia (ΔT) wynoszącej 8°C. Najwyższa ΔT wynosiła 26,4°C przy 10 V, 9,149 A, 91,49 W i COP 11,2%. Optymalnym warunkiem była temperatura chłodzenia 12,7°C, COP 51,4% przy 4 V, 3,445 A przy użyciu 4 Peltierów, zgodnie z metodologią powierzchni odpowiedzi (RSM) obejmującą procedury optymalizacji ustawień zmiennych czynnikowych przez eksperta ds. projektowania 13, tak że maksymalna ΔT wynosiła 20,3°C i maksymalny COP 49,576% przy 4 V, 4 nr Peltiera i prądzie 3,601 A w zakresie wartości. Wyniki pokazują, że uzyskany współczynnik determinacji dla ΔT i COP skorygowane wartości R2 i R3 odpowiednio 0,9286 i 0,9603.
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