ORIGINAL PAPER
Policies to stimulate the output and employment effects of bioenergy resources in Poland and Ukraine
 
 
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1
SO Institute for Economics and Forecasting, UNAS, Ukraine
 
2
Institute for Rural and Agricultural Development, PAS, Poland
 
 
Submission date: 2023-04-20
 
 
Final revision date: 2023-07-02
 
 
Acceptance date: 2023-07-18
 
 
Publication date: 2023-12-19
 
 
Corresponding author
Galyna Trypolska   

SO Institute for Economics and Forecasting, UNAS, P.Myrnogo, 26, 01011, Kyiv, Ukraine
 
 
Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2023;26(4):99-128
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The paper aims to consider the available policies for biomass output as a feedstock for further bioenergy production in post-war Ukraine in order to draw conclusions and learn lessons for the further deployment of bioenergy in Ukraine, and to define the number of jobs that bioenergy has enabled and could contribute in both Poland and Ukraine in the future. Poland has significant biomass potential, the lion’s share of which is agricultural crop waste, corn, and dedicated energy crops. Ukraine has a significant potential for the production and use of biogas and biomethane due to available feedstock and a developed gas supply system. The employment factor method was used to estimate the number of jobs in bioenergy in Poland and Ukraine. Assessments, which are the main result of the work, indicate that the number of jobs in agriculture for feedstock production for energy purposes may reach thirty-three thousand by 2030 in Poland and thirteen thousand in Ukraine. Agribiomass crop production for energy purposes in Poland is supported by the Common Agriculture Policy of the EU. Energy producers from biomass have priority access to the grid and qualify for feed-in tariffs, premiums and auctions, and special financial programs. In Ukraine, biomass energy producers may have a feed-in tariff for biomass and biogas and a 10% lower tariff for heat from biomass than the tariff for heat from natural gas. Despite the benefits of biomass, the installed capacities for its utilization remain insufficient due to the existing barriers in both countries. In the future, Ukraine will need to develop its agricultural biomass sector more actively than before in order to substitute natural gas and other energy carriers.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Polityki stymulujące efekty produkcji i zatrudnienia oparte na bioenergii w Polsce i na Ukrainie
bioenergia, zatrudnienie, polityka energetyczna Polski, polityka energetyczna Ukrainy
Artykuł ma na celu rozważenie dostępnych polityk dotyczących produkcji biomasy jako surowca do dalszej produkcji bioenergii w powojennej Ukrainie w celu wyciągnięcia wniosków dla dalszego wdrażania bioenergii na Ukrainie oraz określenia liczby miejsc pracy, które bioenergia umożliwiła i mogłaby zapewnić kolejne w przyszłości zarówno w Polsce, jak i na Ukrainie. Polska posiada znaczny potencjał biomasy, którego lwią część stanowią odpady rolnicze, kukurydza i dedykowane uprawy energetyczne. Ukraina ma znaczący potencjał do produkcji i wykorzystania biogazu i biometanu ze względu na dostępne surowce i rozwinięty system dostaw gazu. Do oszacowania liczby miejsc pracy w sektorze bioenergii w Polsce i na Ukrainie wykorzystano metodę współczynnika zatrudnienia. Oszacowania, które są głównym wynikiem pracy, wskazują, że liczba miejsc pracy w rolnictwie przy produkcji surowców na cele energetyczne może wynieść trzydzieści trzy tysiące do 2030 roku w Polsce i trzynaście tysięcy na Ukrainie. Produkcja biomasy na cele energetyczne w Polsce jest wspierana przez Wspólną Politykę Rolną UE. Producenci energii z biomasy mają pierwszeństwo w dostępie do sieci i kwalifikują się do taryf gwarantowanych, premii i aukcji oraz specjalnych programów finansowych. Na Ukrainie producenci energii z biomasy mogą korzystać z taryfy gwarantowanej na biomasę i biogaz oraz 10% niższej taryfy na ciepło z biomasy niż taryfa na ciepło z gazu ziemnego. Pomimo korzyści płynących z biomasy, zainstalowane moce do jej wykorzystania pozostają niewystarczające ze względu na istniejące bariery w obu krajach. W przyszłości Ukraina będzie musiała aktywniej niż dotychczas rozwijać swój sektor biomasy rolniczej w celu zastąpienia gazu ziemnego i innych nośników energii.
 
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