ORIGINAL PAPER
Energy efficiency of the phytoremediation process supported with the use of energy crops – P. arundinacea L. and Brassica napus L.
1
Division of Biogenic Raw Materials, Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Poland
2
Division of Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering, Częstochowa University of Technology, Poland
Submission date: 2019-08-06
Final revision date: 2019-08-20
Acceptance date: 2019-08-20
Publication date: 2019-09-27
Corresponding author
Dariusz Włóka
Division of Biogenic Raw Materials, Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Wybickiego st., 31-261, Kraków, Poland
Division of Biogenic Raw Materials, Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Wybickiego st., 31-261, Kraków, Poland
Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2019;22(3):119-136
KEYWORDS
energy cropsphytoremediationenergy efficiencyorganic pollutantspolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the energy efficiency of the phytoremediation
process, supported using energy crops. The scope of conducted work includes the preparation of
a field experiment. During the evaluation, 2 factors were into consideration – total energy demand
and total energy benefit. The case study, used as an origin of data, consists a 3-years field study,
conducted with the use of 2 energy crops – Phalaris arundinacea L. and Brassica napus L. The
area subjected to the experiment was polluted with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and
herbicides, classified as phenoxy acids (2, 4 D). The experimental design consisted of 4 groups
of fields, divided according to the used plant species and type of treatment. For each energy crop,
2 types of fertilization strategies were used. Therefore the 1st and 3rd sets of fields were not treated
with any soil amendment while the 2nd and 4th sets were fertilized with compost. The obtained data allowed to observe that the cultivation of P. arundinacea L. and B. napus L.
allowed a positive energy balance of the process to be achieved. However, it should be noted, that
the B. napus L. growth in the first vegetation season was not sufficient to fully compensate a total
energy demand. Such a goal, in the mentioned case, was possible after the 2nd vegetation season.
The collected results show also that the best energetic potential combined with the most effective
soil remediation were obtained on the fields with the cultivation of P. arundinacea L. fertilized with
compost. The number of biofuels, collected from the 1 ha of such fields, can reach a value equal
even to12.76 Mg of coal equivalent.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Efektywność energetyczna procesu fitoremediacji wspomaganego użyciem roślin energetycznych – P. arundinacea L. i Brassica napus L.
rośliny energetyczne, fitoremediacja, efektywność energetyczna, zanieczyszczenia organiczne, wielopierścieniowe węglowodory aromatyczne (WWA)
Celem eksperymentu było dokonanie oceny efektywności energetycznej procesu fitoremediacji, wspieranego przez uprawy roślin energetycznych. Zakres prowadzonych prac obejmował przygotowanie badań polowych. Podczas oceny wzięto pod uwagę całkowite zużycie energii i całkowitą korzyść energetyczną uzyskaną z termicznej konwersji zebranych biopaliw. Badane studium przypadku, składało się z 3-letniego doświadczenia, prowadzonego z użyciem 2 roślin energetycznych – P. arundinacea L. i B. napus L. Obszar objęty pracami zanieczyszczony był wielopierścieniowymi węglowodorami aromatycznymi (WWA) oraz herbicydami (2,4 D). Eksperyment składał się z 4 grup poletek, podzielonych według stosowanego gatunku roślin i rodzaju wykonanego zabiegu pomocniczego. Dla każdej z wybranych roślin zastosowano 2 rodzaje strategii nawożenia: poletka 1 i 3 nie były nawożone, poletka 2 i 4 natomiast nawożono kompostem.
Uzyskane dane pozwoliły zaobserwować, że uprawa P. arundinacea L. i B. napus L. pozwala osiągnąć dodatni bilans energetyczny procesu. Należy jednak zauważyć, że wzrost B. napus L. w pierwszym sezonie wegetacyjnym nie był wystarczający, aby w pełni zrekompensować całkowite zapotrzebowanie energetyczne. Osiągnięcie celu energetycznego we wspomnianym przypadku było możliwe po 2. sezonie wegetacyjnym. W doświadczeniu zaobserwowano również, że najlepszy potencjał energetyczny w połączeniu z najskuteczniejszą rekultywacją gleby, uzyskano na polach z uprawą P. arundinacea nawożonego kompostem. Ilość biopaliwa zebranego z 1 ha pozwoliło osiągnąć wartość równą nawet 12,76 Mg ekwiwalentu węgla.
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