ORIGINAL PAPER
Intellectual property indicators and renewable energy trends
1
Management Department, Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Ukraine
Submission date: 2020-08-04
Final revision date: 2020-09-27
Acceptance date: 2020-09-27
Publication date: 2020-12-18
Corresponding author
Tetiana Sobolieva
Management Department, Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, 54/1 Prospect Peremogy, 03057, Kyiv, Ukraine
Management Department, Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, 54/1 Prospect Peremogy, 03057, Kyiv, Ukraine
Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2020;23(4):17-32
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Renewable energy development is crucial for resolving global warming issues and achieving sustainable development goals. The objective of this paper is to reveal renewable energy trends using statistical data to identify the most developed technologies in the field, their distribution by territory, checking the interrelation between investments in R&D and patent activity.
The changes in total investments made in renewables are studied for 2004–2019 and the increasing trend has been observed with some fluctuations in certain years, major current investments in solar and wind energy are detected. The dynamics of international patenting activity in solar and wind technologies, geothermal and fuel cells, the total number of PCT applications over the past 10 years by geographic region are considered. The results show some differences across various renewable technologies. Solar is the most patented, wind and fuel cells are less patented but solar and wind have shown an uptrend for the last five years, while fuel cell technologies showed a decline after 2008. Geothermal is the least patented.
The comparison between investment and patent application trends in renewables undercovers some important issues – the leading role of Japan in patenting under the PCT procedure, while China is a major investor in renewable energy; the US and Europe with big investments in renewables are also leading in patent registration.
Correlation between investment in R&D and patenting activity in the field of global renewable energy should be emphasized (correlation coefficient R = 0,849 for 2002–2019). Since private and public investment is strongly stimulated by domestic renewable energy policies, IP indicators can help identify policy instruments and their effectiveness within the further research framework.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Wskaźniki własności intelektualnej i trendy w zakresie energii odnawialnej
własność intelektualna, energia odnawialna, patent, układ o współpracy patentowej (PCT)
Rozwój energii odnawialnej ma kluczowe znaczenie dla rozwiązania problemów związanych z globalnym ociepleniem i osiągnięcia celów zrównoważonego rozwoju. Zadaniem niniejszego artykułu jest ujawnienie trendów energii odnawialnej przy użyciu danych statystycznych w celu zidentyfikowania najbardziej rozwiniętych technologii w tej dziedzinie, ich terytorialnej dystrybucji, sprawdzenie zależności między inwestycjami w B + R a działalnością patentową.
Zbadano jak zmieniały się nakłady inwestycyjne ogółem w odnawialne źródła energii w latach 2004–2019 i zaobserwowano tendencję wzrostową z pewnymi wahaniami w niektórych latach. Obecnie zauważyć można popularność dużych inwestycji w energię słoneczną i wiatrową. Uwzględniono dynamikę międzynarodowej działalności patentowej w zakresie technologii słonecznych i wiatrowych, geotermii i ogniw paliwowych, całkowitą liczbę wniosków PCT w ciągu ostatnich 10 lat w podziale na regiony geograficzne. Wyniki pokazują różnice w zależności od badanych technologii odnawialnych. Najczęściej patentowane są technologie ogniw słonecznych, zaś najmniej patentów dotyczy technologii wiatrowych i ogniw paliwowych, ale energia słoneczna i wiatrowa wykazują tendencję wzrostową w ciągu ostatnich pięciu lat, podczas gdy technologie ogniw paliwowych wykazały spadek po 2008 r. Najmniej opatentowanych rozwiązań dotyczy technologii geotermalnych.
Porównanie trendów inwestycyjnych i patentowych dotyczących odnawialnych źródeł energii ujawnia kilka ważnych kwestii: wiodącą rolę Japonii w patentowaniu w ramach procedury PCT, podczas gdy Chiny są głównym inwestorem w odnawialne źródła energii; Stany Zjednoczone i Europa z dużymi inwestycjami w odnawialne źródła energii również przodują w rejestracji patentów.
Należy podkreślić korelację między inwestycjami w B + R a działalnością patentową w zakresie energetyki odnawialnej (współczynnik korelacji R = 0,849 dla lat 2002–2019). Ponieważ inwestycje prywatne i publiczne są silnie stymulowane przez krajową politykę w zakresie energii odnawialnej, wskaźniki IP (Intellectual Property indicators) mogą pomóc w określeniu instrumentów polityki i ich skuteczności w toku dalszych badań.
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