ORIGINAL PAPER
The economic efficiency of photovoltaic energy for energy prosumers
1
Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
2
Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
3
Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Ukraine
4
National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Ukraine
5
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine
Submission date: 2022-08-05
Final revision date: 2022-09-29
Acceptance date: 2022-10-02
Publication date: 2022-12-19
Corresponding author
Piotr Olczak
Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2022;25(4):95-114
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
Energy economicsRenewable energy sourcesEffective use of energyDevelopment of new energy technologies
ABSTRACT
This article presents an investigation of solar power plants’ economic efficiency in the case of energy prosumers. The economic effect of the development of solar energy, the environmental effect of the transition to green energy and the social effect due to lower electricity costs and investment growth from the use of photovoltaic installations (PVI) have been proven. The level of annual savings in PVI due to changes in production and own consumption of electricity are determined. Through use of factor analysis, the grouping method, the method of generalizing indicators, quantitative data collection for solar PV systems and the matrix method, the two main hypotheses were proven: (i) solar energy production should be stimulated by a sound state tariff policy; (ii) prosumers as players of the electricity market should be considered in the tariff policy. It is revealed that at current interest rates, PVI operational activity is subject to more complex factors, and the main one becomes economic, namely considering the economy of consumers, the level of taxation or grants of PVI activities, as well as productivity and the real state of technical condition of devices. The provided research develops the theoretical and empirical basis for the state policy of solar electricity usage with consideration to the peculiarities of its production and consumption. The process of production and consumption of electricity in PVI is not characterized by uniformity, which is derived from a number of factors, primarily from natural and climatic conditions. It also depends on the technical characteristics of the devices.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Efektywność ekonomiczna fotowoltaiki dla prosumentów energii
Polska, fotowoltaika, prosument, energia i ekonomia
W artykule przedstawiono badania efektywności ekonomicznej fotowoltaiki dla przypadku prosumentów. Wykazano ekonomiczny efekt rozwoju energetyki słonecznej, efekt ekologiczny przejścia na zieloną energię oraz efekt społeczny w związku z niższymi kosztami energii elektrycznej i wzrostem skali inwestycji z wykorzystania fotowoltaiki (PVI). Określono poziom rocznych oszczędności w PVI z tytułu zmian wartości produkcji energii (wskutek zmiany wielkości instalacji – simulation) i autokonsumpcji energii elektrycznej. Wykorzystując analizę czynnikową, metodę grupowania, metodę uogólniania wskaźników, ilościowe zbieranie danych dla systemów fotowoltaicznych, udowodniono dwie główne hipotezy: (i) produkcja energii słonecznej powinna być stymulowana przez politykę taryfową państwa; (ii) prosumenci jako uczestnicy rynku energii elektrycznej powinni być uwzględniani w polityce taryfowej. Okazuje się, że przy obecnych stopach procentowych działalność PVI podlega bardziej złożonym czynnikom, a ważny staje się czynnik ekonomiczny, a mianowicie uwzględniając wypłacalność konsumentów, poziom opodatkowania działalności PVI, a także produktywność i rzeczywisty stan techniczny instalacji. Przeprowadzone badania rozwijają teoretyczne i empiryczne podstawy polityki państwa w zakresie wykorzystania energii słonecznej z uwzględnieniem specyfiki jej wytwarzania i zużycia. Proces produkcji i zużycia energii elektrycznej w instalacji nie charakteryzuje się jednorodnością, co jest pochodną szeregu czynników, a mianowicie – przede wszystkim warunków naturalnych i klimatycznych. Zależy to również od parametrów technicznych urządzeń.
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