ORIGINAL PAPER
Toward sustainable energy consumption in the European Union
1
Politechnika Koszalińska, Poland
Submission date: 2020-03-12
Final revision date: 2020-03-20
Acceptance date: 2020-03-21
Publication date: 2020-03-31
Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2020;23(1):37-48
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
An unsustainable energy mix and energy overconsumption contribute to negative processes such as environmental pressure or energy dependency. The aim of the article is to assess the European Union countries situation in terms of sustainable energy consumption. Eurostat was were used in the analyses. The research was based on synthetic indicators for 2017 data. A non-standard method was used. In accordance with the assumptions of sustainable energy consumption, six indicators were proposed: primary energy consumption (2005=100), final energy consumption (2005=100), share of renewable energy in energy consumption, deficit/surplus in the 2020 renewable energy sources consumption target, energy import dependency (%), greenhouse gas emissions intensity of energy consumption (2000=100). The share of renewable energy in energy consumption and deficit/surplus in the 2020 renewable energy sources consumption target are stimulants, other features are destimulants. The European Union countries were classified into four groups due to the situation in terms of sustainable energy consumption (first class – favorable situation, second class – quite favorable situation, third class – rather unfavorable situation, fourth class – unfavorable situation). According to the results in twelve countries the situation was identified as favorable or quite favorable, while in the other sixteen countries as rather unfavorable and unfavorable. However, all countries have entered the path of necessary changes. It is important to continue monitoring and analyzing the progress of European Union countries in the field of energy and climate policy.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
W kierunku zrównoważonej konsumpcji energii w Unii Europejskiej
efektywność energetyczna, Unia Europejska, polityka energetyczna, konsumpcja energii odnawialnej, zależność energetyczna
Niezrównoważony mix energetyczny i nadmierna konsumpcja energii prowadzą do negatywnych procesów, takich jak presja środowiskowa czy zależność energetyczna. W związku z tym celem artykułu jest ocena sytuacji krajów Unii Europejskiej w zakresie zrównoważonej konsumpcji energii. Dane pochodzą z Eurostatu. Zakres czasowy obejmuje 2017 rok. Analizę przeprowadzono w oparciu o mierniki syntetyczne. Zastosowano metodą bezwzorcową. Nawiązując do zrównoważonej konsumpcji energii uwzględniono sześć wskaźników: konsumpcję energii pierwotnej (2005=100), konsumpcję energii finalnej (2005=100), udział źródeł odnawialnych w konsumpcji energii, niedobór/nadwyżka realizacji celu w zakresie udziału odnawialnych źródeł w konsumpcji energii do 2020 roku, zależność energetyczna (%), intensywność emisji gazów cieplarnianych w zużyciu energii (2000=100). Udział źródeł odnawialnych w konsumpcji energii oraz niedobór/nadwyżka realizacji celu 2020 są stymulantami, pozostałe cechy to destymulanty. Kraje Unii Europejskiej podzielono na cztery zróżnicowane grupy z uwagi na sytuację w zakresie zrównoważonej konsumpcji energii (klasa pierwsza – sytuacja korzystna, klasa druga – sytuacja dość korzystna, klasa trzecia – sytuacja raczej niekorzystna, klasa czwarta – sytuacja niekorzystna). Zgodnie z wynikami w dwunastu krajach sytuację określono jako korzystną lub dość korzystną, natomiast w kolejnych szesnaście jako niekorzystną lub raczej niekorzystną. Jednak wszystkie kraje wkroczyły na drogę niezbędnych zmian. Ważne jest dalsze monitorowanie i analizowanie postępów krajów Unii Europejskiej w zakresie polityki energetycznej i klimatycznej.
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