ORIGINAL PAPER
The influence of excessive solar heat gains on heat loss in the hot water tank – case study
1
Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
Submission date: 2020-03-28
Final revision date: 2020-05-19
Acceptance date: 2020-05-20
Publication date: 2020-06-26
Corresponding author
Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2020;23(2):91-104
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The analysis of a solar installation operation was conducted on the example of a detached house in the Lesser Poland province in Poland. A gas boiler and three flat-plate collectors are located inside the house, which are used for heating water in the hot water tank with a volume of 220 dm3. The installation was established in 2012. The heat measured system (for solar gains) was added in 2014. In 2015–2019 solar heat gains measured per area of absorber were higher than 340 kWh/m2. During a two-week period in June 2015, the insolation on the horizontal plane and the temperature were measured in 4 different points of the hot water tank. On this basis, heat losses from the storage tank were determined, i.e. a decrease in temperature during periods with and without the consumption of hot water by the residents. During this period, a temperature higher than 80°C was observed several times in the hot water tank. In two parts of the hot water tank, rhe determined temperature decreases were used to obtain the heat loss amount. In the analyzed period (2 weeks), 9 days were observed with solar heat gains higher than 9 kWh/day. For these days, the value of heat loss from the solar hot water tank was estimated at over 6 kWh/day. This data corresponds to the actual heat demand for hot water preparation in the building at 7.3 kWh/day. The correlation between daily solar heat gains and solar hot water tank heat losses were also determined. In addition, based on the amount of heat losses, the value of the tank loss coefficient was estimated. The obtained value was compared with the manufacturer’s data and reference data.
FUNDING
This work was carried out as part of the statutory activity of the Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Wpływ nadmiernych uzysków solarnych na straty ciepła z zasobnika cwu – studium przypadku
energia słoneczna, energia odnawialna, płaskie kolektory słoneczne, zasobnik ciepłej wody, współczynnik strat ciepła z zasobnika
Analiza aspektów pracy instalacji solarnej została przeprowadzona na przykładzie domu jednorodzinnego w województwie małopolskim w Polsce. W analizowanym budynku jednorodzinnym znajduje się kocioł gazowy i instalacja solarna złożona z trzech płaskich kolektorów słonecznych. Urządzenia te odpowiadają za przygotowanie ciepłej wody użytkowej magazynowanej w zasobniku o pojemności 210 dm3. Instalacja powstała w 2012 roku, w 2014 roku została opomiarowana pod kątem uzysków solarnych. W latach 2015–2019 mierzono uzyski solarne, były one wyższe niż 340 kWh/m2 powierzchni absorbera. Podczas dwutygodniowego okresu w czerwcu 2015 roku mierzono także natężenie promieniowania słonecznego na płaszczyźnie poziomej i temperaturę w 4 różnych punktach zasobnika ciepłej wody. Na tej podstawie określono straty ciepła z zasobnika, tj. spadek temperatury w zasobniku w okresach z i bez poboru ciepłej wody użytkowej przez mieszkańców. W tym okresie zanotowano temperaturę wyższą niż 80°C w zasobniku tylko przez kilka stosunkowo krótkich okresów. Wyznaczone spadki temperatury w dwóch częściach zasobnika ciepłej wody użytkowej użyto do określenia ilościowych strat ciepła. W analizowanym okresie (2 tygodnie) zaobserwowano 9 dni z uzyskami solarnymi wyższymi niż 9 kWh/dzień. Dla tych dni oszacowano wartości strat ciepła z zasobnika na poziomie powyżej 6 kWh/dzień. Dane te korespondują z rzeczywistym zapotrzebowaniem na ciepło do przygotowania ciepłej wody użytkowej w budynku na poziomie 7,3 kWh/dzień.
Określono także zależności między dziennymi uzyskami solarnymi a stratami ciepła z zasobnika (korelacja). Ponadto bazując na wielkościowych stratach ciepła, oszacowano wielkość współczynnika strat ciepła z zasobnika. Uzyskaną wartość porównano z danymi producenta i danymi referencyjnymi.
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