Based on the available information, this study examines the opportunities for the exploitation of lignite and energy production from this material in selected basins in Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary. A forecast was created to assess the competitiveness of the proposed mine and power plant in Gubin, Poland. Due to the schedule of construction for the mining and energy complex in Gubin, the analysis was restricted to the energy production centers which will still be in operation after 2030. Deposits and power plants located in the Lusatian basin developed by Vattenfall were carefully examined together with the mines in central Germany and in the Czech Republic. The analyses were performed while taking into account criteria like geology, mining, and technology, as well as the external conditions including social and environmental impacts. The Lusatian basin was acknowledged as a competitor to the Gubin project. The Lusatian region has large, documented reserves of lignite, the mines are characterized by a high level of technological development, and the power plants are modern facilities. A common feature of the analyzed mining centers was the low degree of social acceptance, which makes the development of new deposits questionable in many cases. The available information shows that the production of energy from lignite at the analyzed sites in the long term will see a decline.